SIMULATING THE ROLES OF CREVASSE ROUTING OF SURFACE WATER AND BASAL FRICTION ON THE SURGE EVOLUTION OF BASIN 3, AUSTFONNA ICE CAP

Simulating the roles of crevasse routing of surface water and basal friction on the surge evolution of Basin 3, Austfonna ice cap

The marine-terminating outlet in Basin 3, Austfonna ice cap, has been accelerating since the mid-1990s.Stepwise multi-annual acceleration associated with seasonal summer speed-up events was Salts observed before the outlet entered the basin-wide surge in autumn 2012.We used multiple numerical models to explore hydrologic activation mechanisms for t

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